Use & Examples¶
This wrapper is using RIPE Atlas v2 API. It covers majority of API calls but not all of them. For some of these calls you will need to have a specific API key tyhat you can get from here.
Creating Measurements¶
Important
An API key is needed with “create a new measurement” permission.
You can create multiple measurements with one API request that will share though same start/end time and allocated probes. This means that if you create a ping and a traceroute with one call they will start and finish at the same time and will use same probes.
Measurement Types¶
The first step is to create the measurement specification object. Currently you can use the following measurement types objects:
- Ping
- Traceroute
- Dns
- Sslcert
- Ntp
- Http
You can initialise any of these objects by passing any of arguments stated in the documentation pages. Keep in mind that this library is trying to comply with what is stated in these docs. This means that if you try to create a measurement that is missing a field stated as required in these docs, the library won’t go ahead and do the HTTP query. On the contrary, it will raise an exception with some info in it. The required fields for each of the above type are:
Ping | Traceroute | Dns | Sslcert | Ntp | Http |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
af | af | af | af | af | af |
description | description | description | description | description | description |
target | target | query_class | target | target | target |
protocol | query_type | ||||
query_argument |
Examples:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import (
Ping,
Traceroute
)
ping = Ping(
af=4,
target="www.google.gr",
description="Ping Test"
)
traceroute = Traceroute(
af=4,
target="www.ripe.net",
description="Traceroute Test",
protocol="ICMP",
)
Measurement Sources¶
The second step is to create the measurements source(s). In order to do that you have to create an AtlasSource object using the arguments type, value, requested, and optionally tags. Type as described in the documentation pages should be one of the “area”, “country”, “prefix”, “asn”, “probes”, “msm”. Value is the actual value of the type and requested is the number of probes that will be selected from this source. Optionally you can use tags argument, which has to be a dictionary like {“include”: [], “exclude”: []}. Examples:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasSource
source = AtlasSource(
type="area",
value="WW",
requested=5,
tags={"include":["system-ipv4-works"]}
)
source1 = AtlasSource(
type="country",
value="NL",
requested=50,
tags={"exclude": ["system-anchor"]}
)
Create Request¶
The last step is to make the actual HTTP request. Before you do this you need at least to specify if you measurements will be oneoff and you API key. Additional you can have start and stop time defined.
Examples:
from datetime import datetime
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import (
Ping,
Traceroute,
AtlasSource,
AtlasCreateRequest
)
ATLAS_API_KEY = ""
ping = Ping(af=4, target="www.google.gr", description="testing new wrapper")
traceroute = Traceroute(
af=4,
target="www.ripe.net",
description="testing",
protocol="ICMP",
)
source = AtlasSource(
type="area",
value="WW",
requested=5,
tags={"include":["system-ipv4-works"]}
)
source1 = AtlasSource(
type="country",
value="NL",
requested=50,
tags={"exclude": ["system-anchor"]}
)
atlas_request = AtlasCreateRequest(
start_time=datetime.utcnow(),
key=ATLAS_API_KEY,
measurements=[ping, traceroute],
sources=[source, source1],
is_oneoff=True
)
(is_success, response) = atlas_request.create()
Changing Measurement Sources¶
Important
An API key is needed with “change parameters of a measurement” permission.
If you want to add or remove probes from an existing measurement you have to use the AtlasChangeRequest. First step is to create an AtlasChangeSource objects which is similar to AtlasSource object for the creation of measurements. The difference is that here you have to specify an additional action argument. This parameter takes only two values “add” or “remove”. In case of “remove” the type of the source can only be “probes”. For more info check the appropriate docs.
Example:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasChangeSource, AtlasChangeRequest
ATLAS_MODIFY_API_KEY = ""
# Add probes
source = AtlasChangeSource(
value="GR",
requested=3,
type="country",
tags={"include":["system-ipv4-works"], "exclude": ["system-anchor"]},
action="add"
)
source1 = AtlasChangeSource(
value="4,5,6",
requested=3,
type="probes",
action="add"
)
# Remove probes
source2 = AtlasChangeSource(
value="1,2,3",
type="probes",
requested=3,
action="remove"
)
atlas_request = AtlasChangeRequest(
key=ATLAS_MODIFY_API_KEY,
msm_id=1000001,
sources=[source, source1, source2]
)
(is_success, response) = atlas_request.create()
Stopping Measurement¶
Important
An API key is needed with “stop a measurement” permission.
You can stop a measurement by creating a AtlasStopRequest and specifying measurement ID as shown below:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasStopRequest
ATLAS_STOP_API_KEY = ""
atlas_request = AtlasStopRequest(msm_id=1000001, key=ATLAS_STOP_API_KEY)
(is_success, response) = atlas_request.create()
Results¶
Fetching Results¶
Note
If measurement is not public you will need an API key with “download results of a measurement” permission.
You can fetch results for any measurements using AtlasResultsRequest. You can filter them by start/end time and probes. Times can be python datetime objects, Unix timestamps or string representations of dates.
Example:
from datetime import datetime
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasResultsRequest
kwargs = {
"msm_id": 2016892,
"start": datetime(2015, 05, 19),
"stop": datetime(2015, 05, 20),
"probe_ids": [1,2,3,4]
}
is_success, results = AtlasResultsRequest(**kwargs).create()
if is_success:
print(results)
Fetching Latest Results¶
Note
If measurement is not public you will need an API key with “download results of a measurement” permission.
In case you want to download latest results of a measurement or your measurement is an oneoff measurements is easier and faster to use the API for the latest results. Fetching latest results is done by using AtlasLatestRequest and there is an option for filtering by probes.
Example:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasLatestRequest
kwargs = {
"probe_ids": [1,2,3,4]
}
is_success, results = AtlasLatestRequest(**kwargs).create()
if is_success:
print(results)
Streaming API¶
Atlas supports getting results and other events through a stream to get them close to real time. The stream is implemented using websockets and socket.io protocol.
Measurement Results¶
Besides fetching results from main API it is possible to get results though streaming API. You have to use AtlasStream object and bind to “result” channel. You can start the a result stream by specifying at least the measurement ID in the stream parameters. More details on the available parameters of the stream can be found on the streaming documentation.
Example:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasStream
def on_result_response(*args):
"""
Function that will be called every time we receive a new result.
Args is a tuple, so you should use args[0] to access the real message.
"""
print args[0]
atlas_stream = AtlasStream()
atlas_stream.connect()
channel = "result"
# Bind function we want to run with every result message received
atlas_stream.bind_channel(channel, on_result_response)
# Subscribe to new stream for 1001 measurement results
stream_parameters = {"msm": 1001}
atlas_stream.start_stream(stream_type="result", **stream_parameters)
# Timeout all subscriptions after 5 secs. Leave seconds empty for no timeout.
# Make sure you have this line after you start *all* your streams
atlas_stream.timeout(seconds=5)
# Shut down everything
atlas_stream.disconnect()
Connection Events¶
Besides results, streaming API supports also probe’s connect/disconnect events. Again you have to use AtlasStream object but this time you have to bind to “probe” channel. More info about additional parameters can be found on the streaming documentation.
Example:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasStream
def on_result_response(*args):
"""
Function that will be called every time we receive a new event.
Args is a tuple, so you should use args[0] to access the real event.
"""
print args[0]
atlas_stream = AtlasStream()
atlas_stream.connect()
# Probe's connection status results
channel = "probe"
atlas_stream.bind_channel(channel, on_result_response)
stream_parameters = {"enrichProbes": True}
atlas_stream.start_stream(stream_type="probestatus", **stream_parameters)
# Timeout all subscriptions after 5 secs. Leave seconds empty for no timeout.
# Make sure you have this line after you start *all* your streams
atlas_stream.timeout(seconds=5)
# Shut down everything
atlas_stream.disconnect()
Using Sagan Library¶
In case you need to do further processing with any of the results you can use our official RIPE Atlas results parsing library called Sagan. An example of how to combine two libraries is the below:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import AtlasLatestRequest
from ripe.atlas.sagan import Result
kwargs = {
"probe_ids": [1,2,3,4]
}
is_success, results = AtlasLatestRequest(**kwargs).create()
if is_success:
for result in results:
print(Result.get(result))
Metadata¶
RIPE Atlas API allows you to get metadata about probes and measurements in the system. You can get metadata for a single object or filter based on various criteria.
Single Objects¶
Every time you create a new instance of either Measurement/Probe objects it will fetch meta data from API and return an object with selected attributes.
Measurement¶
Using the Measurement object will allow you to have a python object with attributes populated from specific measurement’s meta data.
Example:
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import Measurement
measurement = Measurement(id=1000002)
print(measurement.protocol)
print(measurement.description)
print(measurement.is_oneoff)
print(measurement.is_public)
print(measurement.destination_address)
print(measurement.destination_asn)
print(measurement.type)
print(measurement.interval)
print(dir(measurement)) # Full list of properties
Probe¶
Using the Probe object will allow you to have a python object with attributes populated from specific probe’s meta data.
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import Probe
probe = Probe(id=3)
print(probe.country_code)
print(probe.is_anchor)
print(probe.is_public)
print(probe.address_v4)
print(dir(probe)) # Full list of properties
Filtering¶
This feature queries API for probes/measurements based on specified filters. Filters should be according to filter api documentation. Underneath it will follow all next urls until there are no more objects. It returns a python generator that you can use in a for loop to access each object.
Probe¶
The following example will fetch all measurements with Status equals to “Specified”. More info on filters for these call are on measurement’s filtering documentation.
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import ProbeRequest
filters = {"tags": "NAT", "country_code": "NL", "asn_v4": "3333"}
probes = ProbeRequest(**filters)
for probe in probes:
print(probe["id"])
# Print total count of found probes
print(probes.total_count)
Measurement¶
The following example will fetch all probes from NL with asn_v4 3333 and with tag NAT. More info on filters for these call are on probe’s filtering documentation.
from ripe.atlas.cousteau import MeasurementRequest
filters = {"status": 1}
measurements = MeasurementRequest(**filters)
for msm in measurements:
print(msm["id"])
# Print total count of found measurements
print(measurements.total_count)
General GET API Requests¶
Using the general AtlasRequest object you can do any GET request to the RIPE Atlas API considering you provide the url path.
Example:
url_path = "/api/v2/anchors"
request = AtlasRequest(**{"url_path": url_path})
result = namedtuple('Result', 'success response')
(is_success, response) = request.get()
if not is_success:
return False
return result.response["participant_count"]